PROTOTYPE 2

"The spatial logic needs to be immediately readable, not something learned through trial and error."
Form 3×3 area-based grid, stacked two-layer build
Sensors 9 piezo sensors, spatial matrix
Microcontroller Arduino Mega + prototyping shield
Visual output p5.js - spatial 3×3 zone mapping
Materials Laser-cut wood + 3D print
Connection USB, wired
Concept

From bars to zones: Prototype 1 used a linear layout, each sensor a horizontal strip. Prototype 2 rethought this as a 3×3 grid, so that position itself becomes part of the expressive vocabulary. A strike in the top-left corner means something different from one in the centre.

The enclosure combines laser-cut wood with 3D printed sensor mounts. Wood adds warmth and weight, the kind of material quality that reads as intentional. The 3D print gives precise geometry where the form needs it. Together they continue the idea that material texture is a design variable the performer notices and responds to.

Prototype 2, stacked layer structure
Electronics

Nine sensors, nine channels. The Arduino UNO only has six analog inputs, so this prototype moved to an Arduino Mega. A prototyping shield sourced from Kuriosity at Sim Lim Square sits directly on top, providing cleanly labelled breakout pins. All sensor connections were soldered to both sides of the shield, keeping the wiring structural rather than improvised.

The 3×3 sensor grid maps spatially to a 3×3 visual grid in p5.js. Each zone responds independently, the top-right sensor activates the top-right visual region. The spatial correspondence is what makes the controller feel legible: the feedback mirrors the physical action directly.

Nine-channel piezo wiring detail
Documentation · Video

Prototype in Use

83
SUS Score / 100
Excellent

Participants who grasped the spatial mapping quickly reported stronger agency over the output. Those who didn't found the feedback harder to read, pointing to mapping legibility as the central design challenge going into Prototype 3.

Raw data - 10 participants
Participant Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q10 SUS Score
PCB Documentation · Prototype 2
PCB Prototype 2 PCB P2 Detail PCB P2 Trace PCB P2 Complete